![]()
Classification Criteria for the Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Malar rash: Fixed erythema, flat or raised, over the malar eminences
Discoid rash: Erythematous circular raised patches with adherent keratotic scaling and follicular plugging; atrophic scarring may occur
Photosensitivity: Exposure to ultraviolet light causes rash
Oral ulcers: Includes oral and nasopharyngeal ulcers, observed by physician
Arthritis: Nonerosive arthritis of two or more peripheral joints, with tenderness, swelling, or effusion
Serositis: Pleuritis or pericarditis documented by ECG or rub or evidence of effusion
Renal disorder: Proteinuria >0.5 g/d or 3+, or cellular casts
Neurologic disorder: Seizures or psychosis without other causes
Hematologic disorder: Hemolytic anemia or leukopenia (<4000/L) or lymphopenia (<1500/L) or thrombocytopenia (<100,000/L) in the absence of offending drugs
Immunologic disorder: Anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, and/or anti-phospholipid
Antinuclear antibodies: An abnormal titer of ANA by immunofluorescence or an equivalent assay at any point in time in the absence of drugs known to induce ANAs








مواقع النشر (المفضلة)